EPA Announces Release of Multiple Studies Used for Risk Evaluation of PV29
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has announced the release of 24 studies on Pigment Violet 29 (PV29). These studies were used by the EPA to develop draft risk evaluation for the chemical substance. The release of the studies is part of the Agency’s ongoing efforts to increase transparency of chemical information.
About PV29
PV29 is a dark violet (purple), odorless, organic compound. This pigment is often used as an intermediate to adjust the color and appearance of other pigments. Primarily used to color materials such as paint, ink, plastic, and rubber, it is frequently utilized in a variety of industries (automobile, carpeting, printing, and more).
Pigment Violet 29
| Chemical Name | Anthra[2,1,9-def:6,5,10-d’e’f’]diisoquinoline-1,3,8,10(2H,9H)-tetrone |
|---|---|
| Chemical Formula | C24H10N2O4 |
| CAS Registry Number | 81-33-4 |
Within the environment, PV29 is a highly persistent chemical. If released into water, it does not tend to evaporate. When in the air, it does not break down in its particulate form. Additionally, it is incapable of decomposition by bacteria or other organisms.
In December 2016, PV29 was selected as one of the first ten chemicals to undergo risk evaluation under the amended Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA). In 2017, the EPA released a document for the pigment covering hazards, exposures, conditions of use, and the susceptible subpopulations it anticipated considering in its assessment. In publishing the draft risk evaluation in November 2018, the EPA found that PV29 does not pose an unreasonable risk to the environment or to human health.
The Studies
The 24 released studies on PV29 (accessible below) were submitted by companies that initially had designated them to be confidential business information (CBI). The companies have since modified their claims of confidentiality, and in most cases dropped them. After reviewing remaining CBI claims, the EPA determined that confidential treatment for some of the information is warranted. This has been reflected in redactions from the released studies.
- Study #s 1, 2, 5-10, 12, 13: Toxicological Investigation Summaries
- Study #3: Acute Dermal Irritant
- Study #4: Acute Irritant on Eye
- Study #11: Acute Oral Toxicity
- Study #14: Ames Test
- Study #15: Gene Mutation Assay
- Study #16: Local Lymph Node Assay
- Study #17: Reproductive/Developmental Toxicity Screening Test
- Study #18: Acute Toxicity Zebra Danio
- Study #19: Lemna Gibba Growth Inhibition Test
- Study #20: Daphnia Magna Acute Immobilization Test
- Study #21: Determination of Inhibition of Oxygen Consumption by Activated Sludge
- Study #22: Determination of Biodegradability
- Study #s 23 and 24: Physical Chemical Properties LogKOW and Melting Point
The recent release of these studies does not alter the EPA’s proposed “no unreasonable risk” designation for PV29. However, the Agency will soon be reopening the comment period on the draft risk evaluation.
Having Access to Key Information
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